When news spread of a combined Austrian and Prussian army led by Brunswick marching into French soil on the days after the Manifesto was publicized, the Paris populace, already incensed by the threat against the city, exploded into violence. However, in 1806 Prussia declared war on France, beginning the War of the Fourth Coalition. It has been asserted that the manifesto was in fact issued against the advice of Brunswick himself; the duke, a model sovereign in his own principality, sympathized with the constitutional side of the French Revolution, while as a soldier he had no confidence in the success of the enterprise. Severely wounded, the Duke was carried with his forces before the advancing French. He was the cousin and brother-in-law (from 8 April 1795) of his friend George IV, Prince Regent of the United Kingdom(from 1811). [note 1][7] However George III was less welcoming, and sought to express his displeasure through numerous small insults e.g. He was blind and was also excluded from the succession. Rather than assuring the continued existence of the French monarchy, Brunswick's proclamation would instead ensure its downfall; the manifesto was rapidly distributed in Paris on July 28, apparently by monarchists, who badly misjudged the effect it would have. Genealogy for William Raleigh Duke (1701 - 1775) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick, German Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, (born Oct. 9, 1735, Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony [Germany]—died Nov. 10, 1806, Ottensen, near Hamburg), duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, Prussian field marshal, and an enlightened ruler. The branch of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel died out however with Duke William on 18 October 1884. William died … ... Brunswick County, Province of Virginia. Although the terms of surrender allowed the Convention Army to give their parole and return to Europe, the American Continental Congress revoked the convention. He succeeded his father as sovereign prince of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, one of the princely states of the Holy Roman Empire. George William was the father of Sophia Dorothea of … by lodging the prince at Somerset House, instead of one of the royal palaces; not providing him with a military guard; and instructing the servants at the wedding to wear old clothes. This made him hugely popular in the duchy. He was the fourth son of German prince and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand and his wife Princess Augusta of Great Britain. He received an unusually wide and thorough education, overseen by his mother. [3] The longest stop on their travels was Rome, where they remained for a long time exploring the antiquities of the city under the guidance of Johann Winckelmann. [2] At the Battle of Hastenbeck (1757) Charles William Ferdinand led a charge at the head of an infantry brigade, an action which gained him some renown. [10] He also never married. [3] Frederick II praised the prince personally for his conduct during the war.[14]. In 1766 they went to France, where they were received by both his allies and recent battlefield enemies with respect. Early years. Obtenez des photos d'actualité haute résolution de qualité sur Getty Images He became a Prussian major in 1823. I never saw him, as he served with his regiment. In 1776, Charles I signed a treaty supporting Britain in the war, the first prince to do so. In 1805, after his uncle, Frederick Augustus, Duke of Oels, had died childless, Fred… By the time, Brunswick-Lüneburg had consolidated back into two states, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover). During the battle he was struck by a musket ball and lost both of his eyes; his second-in-command Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau was also mortally wounded, causing a breakdown in the Prussian command. In large part, the manifesto had been written by Louis XVI's cousin, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, who was the leader of a large corps of émigrés in the allied army. The royal houses of the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg had traditionally married within the family, to avoid further division of their family lands under Salic law. He joined the Prussian army in 1789 as a captain and participated in battles against Revolutionary France. William, Duke of Brunswick King. The Encyclopædia Britannica described the Duke's invasion: "His success was rapid, complete and almost bloodless, and in the eyes of contemporaries the campaign appeared as an example of perfect generalship". Langue; Suivre; Modifier; Fichier; Historique du fichier; Utilisation du fichier; Usage global du fichier; Métadonnées; Taille de cet aperçu : 481 × 599 pixels. Encyclopædia Britannica. Additionally, the manifesto threatened the French population with instant punishment should they resist the Imperial and Prussian armies, or the reinstatement of the monarchy. Anonymous 1780 copy of a portrait painted in 1777 or earlier by, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, Significant civil and political events by year. [16] They entered The Hague on the 20th, from which the Patriots had been forced to withdraw following a loyalist insurrection on the 17th. William, duc de Brunswick ( allemand: Wilhelm Ludwig Maximilian Friedrich Août 25; Avril 1806-1818 Octobre 1884), gouvernait duc du duché de Brunswick de 1830 jusqu'à sa mort.. William était le deuxième fils de Frédéric - Guillaume, duc de Brunswick-Lunebourg, et après la mort de son père en 1815, était sous la tutelle du roi George IV du Royaume-Uni. He talks continually, does not know what he says, and is in all aspects unbearable. [12], He resembled his uncle Frederick the Great in many ways, but he lacked the resolution of the king, and in civil as in military affairs was prone to excessive caution. With the assistance of the minister Feonçe von Rotenkreuz he was highly successful, restoring the state's finances and improving the economy. [citation needed] (Wolfenbüttel had been the capital since 1432.) [3], His father, Charles I, had been an enthusiastic supporter of the war, but nearly bankrupted the state paying for it. permanently. Both contemporaries and historians have praised the Duke's decisive campaign, in which he manoeuvred to concentrate his forces and achieve overwhelming local superiority, before moving on to the next city. The Duke's forces entered the Netherlands on 13 September and occupied Nijmegen that day. Prince Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. Under the terms of this treaty, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel supplied 4,000 troops for service with the British armies in America, under the command of general Friedrich Adolf Riedesel. Media in category "Augustus William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel" The following 14 files are in this category, out of 14 total. [3][17] He also received credit for the low number of casualties; one British observer suggested that "the sap of the trees was the only blood shed" (an exaggeration),[18] referring to the wooden palisades and batteries constructed by both sides. Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Calenberg. After a visit to Naples they returned to Paris, and thence to Brunswick. The couple's third son was August (1770–1822). Charles William Ferdinand was part of the allied Anglo-German force at the Battle of Minden (1759), and the Battle of Warburg (1760). This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). 4 (11th ed.). Neither of them was disabled, but both of them had similar, disastrous trajectories in life. Charles William Ferdinand (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Fürst und Herzog von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel) (October 9, 1735 – November 10, 1806), Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, was a sovereign prince of the Holy Roman Empire, and a professional soldier who served as a Generalfeldmarschall of the Kingdom of Prussia. [2][3], The subsequent French Invasion of Hanover and Convention of Klosterzeven of 1757 temporarily knocked Hanover out of the war (they were to return the following year). On Christian Louis' death in 1665, George William inherited Lüneburg, and gave Calenberg to his next brother, John Frederick. Indeed, the duke was once moved to describe his children to von Massenbach as "mostly cripples in mind and body."[21]. 1721. He was the cousin and brother-in-law (from 8 April 1795) of his friend George IV, Prince Regent of the United Kingdom(from 1811). Brunswick, William Duke of - Germany*25.04.1806-18.10.1884+Portrait - undatedVintage property of ullstein bild Obtenez des photos d'actualité haute résolution de qualité sur Getty Images Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader. Equivalent in 2019 to £11,400,000 and £430,000 per year respectively. [citation needed], From 1778 to 1779 he served in the War of the Bavarian Succession. Initially the Duke intended to winter in the fortress of Verdun, before resuming the campaign in France the following spring. [4][2] He received a rapturous welcome from the British people, thanks to his service with allied British troops during the war. When his brother, Charles, was deposed as ruling duke by a rebellion in 1830, William took over the government provisionally. He was cousin, and from 1795 the brother-in-law of George IV, who was Prince Regent of the United Kingdom from 1811. In 1648, when his elder brother Christian Louis inherited Lüneburg from their paternal uncle, he gave Calenberg to George William in appanage. The third son is also described as an original. content language. ; 30 October 1804 – 18 August 1873), ruled the Duchy of Brunswick from 1815 until 1830. Birth of William Raleigh Duke, Jr. Hays Farm, Jefferson, West Virginia, United States. After the Girondins had arranged for France to declare war on Austria, voted on April 20, 1792, the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and the Protestant King of Prussia Frederick William II had combined armies and put them under Brunswick's command. [3] Peace was restored in 1763. Noté /5. The couple next proceeded to Switzerland, where they met Voltaire. His death caused a constitutional crisis for Brunswick that lasted until the accession of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, the son of the Crown Prince of Hanover, in 1913. Much of the country was in open revolt against William, whose personal troops were unable to quell the Patriot militias and the various Dutch provinces refused to aid him. George William German: Georg Wilhelm (Herzberg am Harz, 26 January 1624 – 28 August 1705, Wienhausen) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Frederick William II of Prussia appointed him as commander of a 20,000-strong Prussian force which was to invade the United Provinces of the Netherlands (The Dutch Republic). [16] Amsterdam, the last city occupied by the Patriots, surrendered on 10 October. He joined the allied north-German forces of the Hanoverian Army of Observation, whose task was to protect Hanover (in personal union with the Kingdom of Great Britain) and the surrounding states from invasion by the French. In 1805, after his uncle, Frederick Augustus, Duke of Oels, had died childless, Fred… However, the bill was never introduced in the House of Commons and the divorce was never finalized. The elder daughter, Auguste Caroline Friederike (1764–1788), was the wife of the future king Frederick I of Württemberg and mother of the future William I of Württemberg. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover), service with the British armies in America, Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Frederika Luise Wilhelmine, Princess of Orange-Nassau, Maria Elisabeth Wilhelmine, Princess of Baden, Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen, Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of, Text of the Proclamation of the Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg, 1792, "BRUNSWICK-LÜNEBURG, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of", "Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of", "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "The Sesquicentennial of the Birth of Gauss", England expects that every man will do his duty, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth, Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau, List of people associated with the French Revolution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick&oldid=995711119, Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars, German military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars, Prussian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars, Military personnel killed in the Napoleonic Wars, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Declared an invalid; Excluded from line of succession, This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 14:00. Desc: William, Duke of Brunswick, was ruling duke of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1830 until his death.William was the second son of Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and after the death of his father in 1815, was under the guardianship of King George IV of the United Kingdom. [16] The Prussian force captured Gorcum on the 17th after a short artillery bombardment, followed by Dordrecht on the 18th and Delft on the 19th. Caroline died three weeks after she was physically prevented from entering Westminster Abbey to participate in her husband's coronation. The fourth son, Friedrich Wilhelm (1771 – 16 June 1815), was sound of mind and body. He is accommodating but a poor thing, loves his consort to the point of worship, and is completely governed by her. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader. 600 — 800 The duke commanded the large Prussian army at Auerstedt during the double Battle of Jena–Auerstedt on 14 October 1806. william, duke of brunswick and lÜneburg drei dutzend servietten, mitte 19. jh. William, Duke of Brunswick, lying in state at Braunschweig Germany, engraving, illustration from the magazine The Graphic, volume XXX, no 780, November 8, 1884. Fichier:Augustus William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.jpg. The proclamation was intended to threaten the French population into submission; it had exactly the opposite effect. [1] George William was the father of Sophia Dorothea … countries. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. Charles II, Duke of Brunswick (German: Karl II. [citation needed], For other people named William of Brunswick, see, Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, Staats- und Adreß-Handbuch des Herzogthums Nassau, Wilhelm (Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg; 1806 bis 1884), Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden, Landgravine Karoline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt, Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William,_Duke_of_Brunswick&oldid=1001281251, Recipients of the Order of Henry the Lion, Recipients of the House Order of Fidelity, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Zähringer Lion, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg), Knights of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau, Grand Crosses of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, Recipients of the Order of the White Falcon, Grand Crosses of the House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, William Augustus Louis Maximilian Frederick, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 00:50. 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