Ammonia reacts with Copper and Cuprous alloys and forms copper complexes. Sorry, you have Javascript Disabled! Home >> Category >> Mechanical Engineering (MCQ) questions and answers >> Thermodynamics; Q. One of the most famous displays of its non-toxic properties occurred when Thomas Midgely filled his lungs with Freon and blew out a candle (Lawrence 2003). A refrigerant must also possess certain thermodynamic characteristics for it to function. A boiling-point temperature low enough that air … What is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant? It is highly chemically stable. Ammonium Hydroxide Solution turns the red litmus paper into blue; thereby condenser tube leaks can be identified. It is highly toxic, non-flammable, non-explosive, non-corrosive and works at low pressures. A hot crankcase and cylinder head accompanied by a low suction pressure would be caused by A. It would not cause ozone depletion or climate change. As a refrigerant, it possesses completely stable thermal characteristics, has low toxicity, and is non-corrosive and non-combustible. If it is brought into contact with open flame or heater elements, it decomposes into highly toxic constituents. In hermetically sealed compressors refrigerant vapor contacts with motor windings and may cause short circuits. The quantity of refrigerant used in industries is very less. Refrigerants should have low freezing point than the normal operating conditions. Although no perfect refrigerant is known, there are certain factors which determine a refrigerant's desirability for a particular duty and the one selected should possess as many as possible of the following characteristics: It increasers the condenser pressures and thereby the power consumption for the compressor will also rise. © Copyright 2020 ME Mechanical. Economic aspects. Which of the following characteristics that is not desirable in a refrigerant? The year which will be remembered in the history has come to an end. The problems with a leakage are wearing out of joint or the material used for the fabrication of the system. However, the oil in the refrigeration system is a contaminant that lowers the efficiency of the refrigeration system. Epoxy resin has relatively strong solubility in these refrigerants. Stability. It has not only excellent safe properties but also condenses at moderate pressure under normal atmospheric conditions. Published hundreds of articles on various engineering topics. Water for example cannot be used below 0 Deg C. The lower the condenser pressure the power required for compression will be lower. Theoretically, almost any liquid can be used as a refrigerant if its pressure/temperature relationship is suitable for the conditions. To see this page as it is meant to appear, please enable your Javascript! If the oil is not miscible in the refrigerant used and it is heavier it will settle down in the evaporator and reduces the heat transfer. Atmospheric air ingression into the system will occupy the heat transfer area and results in poor heat transfer rates. What type of refrigerant are R-11 and R-12. In today's world, other properties of the refrigerant are more important. Contact. This is the most important property of refrigerant. Long answer: This is a very bad idea for multiple reasons: * R22 & R404A have different pressure temperature characteristics. Otherwise the zone of condensation decreases and the heat rejection occurs. Therefore oil separators are to be employed. If the oil density is less than the refrigerant used and it if it is immiscible, the oil will float on the surface of the refrigerant. b) Freezing point at atmospheric pressure should be low. Learn epa refrigerant with free interactive flashcards. Therefore cost of the refrigerants is normally high when compared to other chemicals. Thermophysical properties. Characteristics of a Good Refrigerant Boiling Point. The capacity of the system depends on how often a pound of refrigerant evaporates and this depends on compressor size and on properties of the refrigerant at refrigerant cycle temperatures. GWP of Carbon Dioxide is 1.0. A good refrigerant should have low viscosity and high thermal conductivity. We continue to change in order to grow and really do shine. CCl2F2, CH4Cl can form HCL with water which dissolves the copper from condenser tubes and deposits them on compressor pistons and deteriorates the life of the machinery. Most of the refrigerants form acids or bases in the presence of water. 386 The low stage also functions like any other low temperature system, with the exception being the pressure characteristics of the refrigerant. It consists of an alcohol lamp that emits a blue flame. To enable the use of smaller compressors and other equipment the refrigerant should have smaller vapor density. Cryogenic refrigerants are those refrigerants which produce minus temperature in between range -157°C to -273°C in the refrigerated space. The most reliable way to be safe is to choose a refrigerant that is neither toxic nor flammable. Under ideal conditions, the mass flow rate of refrigerant in the system should be proportional to the cooling load. Higher heat transfer coefficient requires smaller area and lower pressure drop. In addition, if the volume of charge is large, there should be no danger to health and property in case of its escape. Safety. due to its excellent safety properties. When can you say a System is in Thermodynamic Equilibrium ? Leak outside the system results in refrigerant loss and it can be identified easily and refrigerant loss can be topped up. HFO-1234yf (or YF) has been shown to be a desirable, lowenvironmental-impact alternative to the more common HFC-134a as a refrigerant [1][2][3][4] [5]. Economic considerations: The refrigerant used in the vapor compression cycle of the refrigeration or air-conditioning system should produce maximum refrigerating effect. To ensure the maximum heat absorption during refrigeration, a refrigerant … The refrigerant used in air conditioning, food preservation, etc. Name 3 types of refrigerant compounds and the element components of each. Other desirable characteristics of a refrigerant include being nontoxic, noncorrosive, nonflammable, and chemically stable; having a high enthalpy of vaporization (minimizes the mass flow rate); and, of course, being avail-able at low cost. should not be toxic as they will come into contact with human beings. Desirable Properties of Refrigerant: Desirable refrigerant possess such chemical, physical and thermodynamic properties which permit their practical application in … Short answer: NO. Figures 5-11 shows the test results. The cryogenic refrigerants have a shallow boiling point at atmospheric pressure. The refrigerants should not react with the materials used in refrigeration cycle like evaporators, condenser tubes, compressors, control valves etc. R-22 for example, has an ODP of 0.055. Insufficient refrigerant C. Air in the system D. Stuck discharge valve ANS: B 240. The lubricating oils must be soluble in Refrigerants. For this, the liquid saturation line should be almost vertical. Ammonia is one of the earliest types of refrigerants which is still widely used in many applications due to its inheritance excellent thermal properties, It is toxic in nature, flammable explosive under certain conditions, it has low specific volume¸ high refrigerating effect, low piston displacement in case of reciprocating compressors make it an ideal refrigerant for cold storage’s, ice plants, packing plants, skating rinks breweries, etc. This feature is not available right now. Refrigerants should be available near the usage point. Technological issues. It should not freeze during application. These parameters increase the transmission of heat from one temperature zone to another. This phenomenon is called Oil logging. The vacancies include those in Johnson Matthey, Phillips 66, HUNTSMAN, GSK, Cipla, DSM, Bayer, Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corporation Ltd, SANOFI, etc.. Chemical Engineers spend their life in making the world a […]. Each refrigerant has different material compatibility. Enthalpy of vaporization:. Please try again later. Therefore overflow drain is to be provided to remove oil. The liquid has to vapourise at the evaporator coil to cause cooling. Electronic detectors, Ultrosonic leak detectors may also be used to detect the leaks. Methane, butane and other hydrocarbons are flammable. It makes white fumes of ammonium sulfide. Eg: Ammonia, R22, R12 etc, If Boiling Point is High, Low Condenser Pressure – Centrifugal Compressor is used. Refrigerants will affect human health if they are poisonous. So, please make it downloadble format. Name a Chlorine-free refrigerant. Advances in mechanical valves led toautomatic expansion valves. Similarly if it is very low industry professional will not take necessary action to control the leaks. Q2. The condenser tubes have to be designed for higher pressures which also give raise to capital cost of the equipment. Automatic expansion valves maintain a pressure in the evaporator, and open in response to a drop in suction pressure. Ammonia will form explosive mixture when the concentration in air is between 16 to 25 %. (adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({}); Home Refrigerants are widely used in Refrigeration cycle where cooling effect below the atmospheric temperatures are needed. Privacy Policy Get unlimited access to 5,000+ magazines, newspapers and curated premium stories at flat 55% off, Cooling Tower Efficiency Calculations – 75,000+ Views, Chemical Engineering Jobs Digest January 2021. Lack of Toxicity. Leakage can be identified quickly if the refrigerant has a distinct color or odor. Insulation of windings in hermatic compressors will also get damaged. Some of the widely used cryogenic refrigerants are Helium, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Hydrogen. While able to follow the load better than fixed restrictors or capillary tubes, their operating characteristics are Time weighted Average is the concentration to which repeated eight hour exposures for five days in a week which is considered to be safe. A. Therefore, the dielectric strength of refrigerant is an important property in hermetically sealed compressor units. Critical pressure of the refrigerant should be higher than the condenser pressures. Most of the refrigerants form acids with water. High Pressure Boilers: Features and Advantages, Merits and Demerits of Water Tube Boiler over Fire Tube Boiler. In a negative pressure evaporator Atmospheric air or Moisture will Leak into the system. The refrigerant may leak out of the system. 16 Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity. c) Latent heat of vaporization of refrigerant must be … Topic Index About Us CH3Cl reacts with Aluminium. In hermetic arrangements, the motor windings are cooled by refrigerants vapor on its way to the suction valve of the compressor. Refrigerants with High vapor density/ Low specific volume will require a smaller compressors and velocity can be kept small and so the condenser tubes used will also be in smaller diameter. That’s means it should have high coefficient of performance and consume less power for producing certain refrigerating effect. 4. This test is based on Beilstein Test for Chlorine. The liquid at the evaporator coil … Explore 150+ Jobs for Chemical Engineers at various locations for Freshers as well as Experienced. Therefore, it is important that the oil and the refrigerant are miscible with each other so that oil following the refrigerant out in the system is HFCs. Sometimes, the product to be cooled is such that a constant evaporator temperature has to be maintained. Miscibility with Oil; The refrigerant should not be miscible with the oil else the lubricating strength will be reduced. For Methane GWP is 72, it means that if the same mass of CH4 and CO2 were introduced into the atmosphere, that methane will trap 72 times more heat than the carbon dioxide. The detection of leaks should be easy to loss of refrigerant. The free water apart from the dissolved water in refrigerant freezes below 0 Deg C and chokes the narrow orifice of expansion valve. Thermodynamic Properties Of Refrigerant Boiling and condensing temperature and pressures The boiling temp of refrigerant at atmospheric pressure should be low. Visit our about section to know more. However, there are five criteria should be taken into account: 1. Freon, Carbon Dioxide, SO2 are non flammable. To ensure the maximum heat absorption during refrigeration, a refrigerant should have a high enthalpy of vaporization. Moderately high evaporator pressure boosts the compressor suction pressure thus reduces the power costs. If the refrigerant velocity is not sufficient, then it cannot carry all oil back into the compressor. If the mass flow is very small it is difficult to control the flow rates. Ammonia and SO2 can be detected by their characteristic smell. Curiously enough the use of air as a refrigerant is both older and more recent than the other vapour refrigerants. The proportions of the components are chosen based on the exact characteristics desired in the final product. Here are some of the desirable properties of refrigerant explained in detail. The refrigerant should not make combustion mixture in Air. It must be sourced and procured within a short span of time to enable the user in case of leaks, maintenance schedules etc. 3. Other refrigerants are best adapted to centrifugal or rotary compressors. The high specific heat of vaporization High suction gas density Positively, but not excessive pressure, the boiling point and condensation conditions The critical temperature and the triple point are far beyond the operating range Therefore dielectric strength should be high to avoid short circuits. - Thermodynamics. Thermal conductivity of the refrigerant should be high for faster heat transfer during condensation and evaporation. Carbon dioxide is widely used as a refrigerant in mechanical systems refrigerant, marine services, hospitals, etc. a. it should not be toxic b. it should not be non-corrosive c. it should have minimum enthalpy of vaporization d. all of the above View Answer / … In order to have a broad range of isothermal energy transfer, the refrigerant should have a critical temperature above the condensing temperature. Learn how your comment data is processed. What is Chemical Engineering all about? The ozone depletion potential (ODP) of a refrigerant is the relative amount of depletion to the ozone layer it can cause. A denser refrigerant will have fewer tendencies to leak as compared to higher density refrigerant. However, its use has been restricted nowadays because of its many inherent disadvantages. Otherwise the zone of condensation decreases and the heat rejection occurs. 'ME Mechanical' is an online portal for mechanical engineers and engineering students. Eg: R11, R13 & R114 etc. Global Warming Potential (GWP) is a relative measure of how much heat a refrigerant  traps in the atmosphere. It is widely used in … According to Wikipedia, Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences (physics and chemistry), life sciences (microbiology and biochemistry), together with applied mathematics and economics to produce, transform, transport, and properly use chemicals, materials and energy. 5. Whenever we choose them for particular use Properties of Refrigerants also plays a vital role in economic and environmental friendly application. refrigerant flow. The desirable characteristics of “ideal” refrigerants are considered to be as follows: Normal boiling point below 0 °C; Non-flammable; Non-toxic; Easily detectable in case of leakage; Stable under operating conditions; Easy to recycle after use; Relatively large area for … High Vapor Density Tag Index Shallow industry professional will not take necessary action to control the leaks. Desirable refrigerants are those which possess chemical, physical, and thermodynamic properties that permit their efficient application and service, in practical designs of refrigerating equipment. Choose from 71 different sets of epa refrigerant flashcards on Quizlet. This makes the equipments compact and reduced the operating cost. Therefore, epoxy resin is not desirable for the use with those refrigerants. To have the minimum change in entropy during the throttling process, the specific heat should be minimum. SO2 can be detected with NH3 H2O Solution. Therefore ammonia cannot be used for small refrigeration systems. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. It is used for air-conditioning applications. Submit Guest Post In some applications, toxicity is of negligible importance whereas in others, such as comfort cooling, a non-toxic and non-flammable refrigerant is essential. Due to the above disadvantages, Positive evaporator pressure is preferred. The characteristics of some refrigerants make them desirable for use with reciprocating compressors. boiling points are small. - Published on 20 Aug 15. a. it should not be toxic. Halocarbons. Environmentalfactors. Toxicity is the important properties of refrigerants. In the case of leakage of the refrigerant from the system, the refrigerant will be contaminated with the refrigerated products. The price of the refrigerants is generally high when compared to other chemicals in the industry. This will cause corrosion and deteriorates valves, Seals and Metallic parts. It is odorless, non-toxic, non-flammable, non-explosive and non-corrosive. If Freon is present blue flame turns into green. These characteristics could include vapor pressure, transport properties, lubricant and material compatibility, thermodynamic performance, cost, flammability, toxicity, stability, and environmental properties. Freon-12 (Dichloro difluoromethane) is non-flammable, non-toxic and non-explosive. Higher latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant will result in lower mass flow rates according to the Heat transfer equation. Safety is perhaps the most important single factor in the selection of a refrigerant. In an example with R-12, assume the compressor is of the right size to deliver one ton of refrigeration when refrigerant evaporates at 0 deg. Usertraining requirements should be taken into account. Excess refrigerant B. Unprecedented pandemic has taught many lessons to everyone of us. refrigerant mixture, and the refrigerant concentration can be up to 40 wt%. In other cases, it is desirable that liquid refrigerant should not enter the compressor. Distinction between Work and Internal Energy, https://me-mechanicalengineering.com/about/. There is no rule of thumb governing the selection of refrigerants. having the most desirable characteristics, thus introducing the first chlorofluorocarbons (Lawrence 2003). Dear Sir, All the contents are very usefull for mechanical engineering students like me. But, I really wants to download it. All Rights Reserved. 2. Critical pressure of the refrigerant should be higher than the condenser pressures. Refrigerants with low boiling points will have high condenser pressure and high vapor density. It must be sourced and procured within a short period to enable the user in case of leaks, maintenance schedules, etc. This may also cause bursting of the tubes. This is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and haloalkane refrigerant commonly known as norflurane or Freon 134A. The moisture inside the system will starts freezing at low temperature zones and clogs and chokes the system. ODP of R11 is fixed as the maximum value of 1.0. It may accumulate in evaporator. Sulfur dioxide was widely used as refrigerant during the early 20th century. a) Boiling point at atmospheric pressure should be low. Hence, it is desirable that the refrigerant has a pungent smell so that its leakage can be detected immediately. DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANT OR SELECTION OF A REFRIGERANT. Let us look back on the journey so far for […], Copyright © 2016-2020 - Chemical Engineering Site, Advertise | Testimonials |Sitemap | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer. Change is the only option to survive and grow! What is the desirable characteristic of a refrigerant? The quantity of refrigerant used in any industry is very small. What is the desirable characteristic of a refrigerant? Strong smelling chemicals like acrolein may be added to refrigerant for easy leak detection. Refrigerants should be readily available near the usage point. Viscosity; It should be as small as possible to ensure that the pressure drop in the system is as small as possible. Desirable properties The ideal working fluid or often called refrigerant would have favorable thermodynamic properties, be noncorrosive to mechanical components, and be safe, including freedom from toxicity and flammability. Since a refrigerant absorbs and releases heat primarily through evaporation and condensation, a high latent heat of vaporization might seem to be desirable. If Boiling Point is Low, High Condenser Pressure – Reciprocating Compressor is used. Higher condenser pressure will result in high operating costs. 1 Answer. Freon leak can be detected by a halide torch. Short Term Exposure Limit is the maximum concentration to which one can be exposed up to maximum of 15 minutes. The toxicity depends upon the concentration and exposure limits. Presence of air will reduce the partial pressure of refrigerant and the condensation temperature will rise. The desirable characteristics of ‘ideal’ re… Atmospheric air ingression inside the system may sometime results in explosions if the flammability values of the refrigerants are in wide range. List 6 desirable characteristics of a refrigerant. It is normally mentioned as 20 years or 100 years period. Freon-11 (Trichlorofluoromethane) is used under low operating pressures; it is non-toxic, non-corrosive and non-flammable. In addition to these criteria, other considerations such as; local regulations and standards, maintainability and capability (such as having staff with skills to support the units). Due to low operating pressure and high displacement, it is used in systems employing centrifugal compressors. The refrigerants should be non poisonous to humans and food stuff. Most of the halogenated refrigerants meet these requirements. High latent heat Non Toxic Non Flammable Non Corrosive Chemically stable Lubricant soluble. Such that a constant evaporator temperature has to vapourise at the evaporator coil … What is the relative amount depletion... Between range -157°C to -273°C in the case of leaks, maintenance schedules, etc constant evaporator temperature has vapourise. Industry professional will not take necessary action to control the leaks enable your Javascript points will high! Thermal characteristics, thus introducing the first chlorofluorocarbons ( Lawrence 2003 ) for. To humans and food stuff to centrifugal or rotary compressors into the compressor into account: 1 cycle! A vital role in economic and environmental friendly application the case of leaks, maintenance schedules, etc there. Lubricating strength will be reduced Engineers and engineering students like me this makes the equipments compact reduced! The world a [ … ] ’ re… Figures 5-11 shows the test results can you say a system a. Free water apart from the dissolved water in refrigerant loss and it can cause way to the layer... Ultrosonic leak detectors may also be used below 0 Deg C. the lower the condenser pressures or selection a. Of 15 minutes from 71 different sets of epa refrigerant flashcards on Quizlet and answers >. Other chemicals in the refrigerated products cost of the refrigerants should be high avoid. A pressure in the selection of a refrigerant must also possess certain thermodynamic characteristics for it to function a role! Depends upon the concentration in air conditioning, food preservation, etc and open response. During refrigeration, a high enthalpy of vaporization of the refrigerants is generally when! Below the atmospheric temperatures are needed of 1.0 non-toxic and non-explosive equipments compact and reduced the operating cost equipments and! To the suction valve of the refrigerant from the system results in explosions if the refrigerant concentration be... Traps in the system valves etc is generally high when compared to other chemicals idea multiple! Of leakage of the refrigerants should not be toxic consists of an alcohol lamp that emits a blue turns. Where cooling effect below the atmospheric temperatures are needed the user in case of leaks, maintenance schedules etc evaporator. Halide torch user in case of leakage of the refrigerant should not react the... The year which will be contaminated with the oil in the industry has not only excellent safe but! Of R11 is fixed as the maximum heat absorption during refrigeration, a refrigerant absorbs and releases heat primarily evaporation! Coefficient requires smaller area and lower pressure drop in suction pressure of how much a... Be higher than the normal operating conditions low freezing point at atmospheric should! Example can not carry all what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant back into the system D. Stuck valve! The industry range of isothermal energy transfer, the dielectric strength of refrigerant and! Test is based on the exact characteristics desired in the system non-explosive, non-corrosive and.... Operating conditions of an alcohol lamp that emits a blue flame Copper and Cuprous and..., low condenser pressure – reciprocating compressor is used when the concentration to which can... Into green non-explosive, non-corrosive and non-flammable releases heat primarily through evaporation and,... Which is considered to be maintained increasers the condenser pressures to capital cost of following! Line should be readily available near the usage point week which is considered be... 3 types of refrigerant used in industries is very small it is odorless, and... Is generally high when compared to other chemicals is as small as possible to ensure the maximum heat absorption refrigeration. Forms Copper complexes contaminated with the refrigerated products freezing point than the normal operating conditions will be reduced making! Those refrigerants – centrifugal compressor is used under low operating pressure and high vapor density what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant during. Answers > > Category > > Category > > mechanical engineering students is non-toxic, non-corrosive and at! The leaks temperature zone to another viscosity ; it is highly toxic constituents drop in the selection of a,! And pressures the Boiling temp of refrigerant is the desirable characteristic of Good! Is generally high when compared to other chemicals coil … What is the properties! Product to be what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant to remove oil is very low industry professional not! Be added to refrigerant for easy leak detection characteristics desired in the vapor compression cycle of the from... Flashcards on Quizlet like evaporators, condenser tubes, compressors, control valves etc vapor its... Way to the suction valve of the refrigerant should have high coefficient of performance and consume less power producing. In the system air or Moisture will leak into the compressor area and lower pressure.... Will come into contact with human beings account: 1 period to enable the in... Faster heat transfer coefficient requires smaller area and lower pressure drop in suction pressure that liquid refrigerant should almost! Has relatively strong solubility in these refrigerants oil in the selection of refrigerant! To survive and grow ensure the maximum heat absorption during refrigeration, a what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant in systems. ) questions and answers > > Thermodynamics ; Q a vital role in and... Aug 15. a. it should be Non poisonous to humans and food stuff their life in making the world [..., all the contents are very usefull for mechanical engineering ( MCQ questions. Can you say a system is in thermodynamic Equilibrium condenser pressure the power for... And clogs and chokes the narrow orifice of expansion valve temp of refrigerant and the condensation will! Completely stable thermal characteristics, thus introducing the first chlorofluorocarbons ( Lawrence 2003 ) readily available near usage... Thermodynamic characteristics for it to function depletion potential ( GWP ) is a hydrofluorocarbon ( ). Higher condenser pressure the power costs in today 's world, other of. Many lessons to everyone of us be toxic as they will come into contact with open flame heater! ( MCQ ) questions and answers > > Category > > mechanical engineering ( MCQ ) questions and >... Compressors, control valves etc has low toxicity what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant and is non-corrosive non-combustible! Short period to enable the user in case of leaks, maintenance schedules etc Advantages, Merits and of. … ] meant to appear, please enable your Javascript the contents are very usefull mechanical... Bases in the atmosphere pressure should be higher than the condenser pressures and thereby power... Partial pressure of the refrigeration or air-conditioning system should produce maximum refrigerating effect refrigerant the! Refrigerants should have low viscosity and high vapor density non-explosive and non-corrosive rotary.... Say a system is in thermodynamic Equilibrium the exact characteristics desired in evaporator... The use with reciprocating compressors zone of condensation decreases and the heat transfer equation Warming potential ( ODP ) a. Price of the refrigeration or air-conditioning system should produce maximum refrigerating effect Cuprous. This will cause corrosion and deteriorates valves, Seals and Metallic parts through evaporation and condensation, a refrigerant is! Possible to ensure that the refrigerant should not be used to detect the leaks at the evaporator coil … is... ; the refrigerant will result in lower mass flow rates according to the ozone depletion potential ( GWP ) non-flammable... For faster heat transfer equation reciprocating compressor is used and refrigerant loss it. Refrigerant velocity what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant not desirable for the use with those refrigerants which produce minus temperature in between -157°C... Their life in making the world a [ … ] come to end! Different pressure temperature characteristics for Chlorine strength of refrigerant used in refrigeration cycle like evaporators, condenser,. Its way to the heat transfer during condensation and evaporation and non-combustible refrigerants also plays a vital role economic. Pressure of the desirable what is the desirable characteristics of a refrigerant of ‘ ideal ’ re… Figures 5-11 shows the test.... Produce maximum refrigerating effect may cause short circuits control the leaks leaks should be low compact and reduced operating. Short span of time to enable the user in case of leaks, maintenance schedules etc and exposure limits refrigerant. ( ODP ) of a refrigerant in mechanical systems refrigerant, it is difficult to control the flow rates to... That is neither toxic nor flammable flame or heater elements, it possesses completely stable thermal characteristics thus! Drain is to be maintained R22, R12 etc, if Boiling point atmospheric! And exposure limits condensation temperature will rise ( GWP ) is a hydrofluorocarbon ( HFC ) haloalkane... Emits a blue flame turns into green refrigerant velocity is not sufficient, then can... Early 20th century refrigerant commonly known as norflurane or Freon 134A cause short circuits we choose them particular.

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